You love water activities---swimming, snorkeling, scuba diving, free diving, or racing around in jet skis. Your trusty watch is securely strapped to your wrist. Wait! Is your watch waterproof or water-resistant? Can it take on the onslaught of water?
Well, its label said it's water-resistant and rated for 100 feet. Perfect! So you swam around, snorkeled with sea turtles, and explored beautiful corals up on a shallow shelf 20 feet underwater. Hold on! Why is your watch fogging? The hands stopped working. Isn't it supposed to be water-resistant?
Well, there is a huge difference between waterproof and water-resistant watches. Understanding this distinction could save your timepiece from an untimely death by water.
That's what this guide is for. Let's discuss the real differences between waterproof and water-resistant watches, debunk common myths, and help you pick the right watch for your water-bound adventures.
How Does Water-Resistant Differ from Waterproof Watches
People usually think "water-resistant" and "waterproof" watches are the same; they are completely impervious to water. While they are protected from such intrusion, water-resistant and waterproof watches differ primarily in the degree of protection they offer against water.
Water-Resistant Watches: These watches are designed to withstand some exposure to water such as light rain or accidental splashes. The level of water resistance is typically measured in meters (e.g., 30m, 50m, 100m).
However, these ratings can be misleading. For instance, a 30m water-resistant watch is usually only suitable for minimal water exposure such as hand washing, not actual swimming. The key here is that water-resistant watches can handle varying moisture levels but aren't impervious to it under all conditions.
Waterproof Watches: Technically, no watch is completely waterproof. The term is often used in marketing to describe watches with a very high level of water resistance. These watches are built to endure significant water pressure without allowing water to penetrate the casing. Examples include dive watches rated at 200m or more, designed for prolonged water immersion and deep diving at extreme pressure
What Makes a Watch Water-Resistant or Waterproof?
It isn't magic that keeps water away. A watch can be water-resistant or waterproof because of its design, construction, and materials.
1. Sealing Mechanisms
Gaskets (O-rings): Watches use rubber, silicone, or Teflon gaskets around the crown, case back, and crystal to seal potential entry points. These gaskets prevent water from seeping into the watch's inner components.
Screw-down Crowns: The crown is a common weak point in timepieces. Watches with better water resistance often have screw-down crowns that create a tighter seal when closed.
2. Case Construction
Material Strength: The case must be robust enough to resist deformation under water pressure, which could compromise the seals. Stainless steel, titanium, or ceramic materials can withstand high pressure.
Case Back: A screw-down or securely fastened case back helps maintain the integrity of the watch under pressure.
3. Crystal
Sapphire Crystal: The watch crystal, usually made of sapphire or mineral glass, covers the dial and must be tightly fitted to prevent water from entering. Sapphire crystals are preferred for water-resistant watches due to their durability and scratch resistance.
Thickness: Thicker crystals are often used in water-resistant or waterproof watches since they can withstand more pressure without cracking.
4. Pressure Testing
Factory Testing: Manufacturers subject the watch to pressure testing, simulating conditions like underwater environments. Watches are rated based on how much pressure they can withstand without leaking, which is measured in meters or atmospheres (ATM).
ISO Certification: Some watches, especially dive watches, meet the ISO 6425 standard for water resistance. This is a guarantee that these watches have undergone rigorous testing including resistance to pressure, thermal shock, and saltwater exposure.
5. Coatings and Lubricants
Anti-Corrosive Coatings: To resist moisture and salt, high-end water-resistant watches may feature anti-corrosive waterproof coatings on metal parts.
Internal Lubricants: Specialized lubricants are used to ensure that the gaskets and seals remain flexible and effective, even after exposure to water and varying temperatures.
How Are Waterproof Ratings Interpreted?
Waterproof ratings in watches are specified to indicate the level of water resistance a watch can withstand, measured in meters or atmospheres (ATM). Here's a breakdown of common waterproof ratings and their meanings:
1. 30 Meters / 3 ATM (100 Feet)
Suitable for light splashes, rain, and hand washing
Limitations: Not recommended for swimming or bathing
2. 50 Meters / 5 ATM (165 Feet)
Suitable for light swimming and water sports
Limitations: Not suitable for diving or prolonged water exposure
3. 100 Meters / 10 ATM (330 Feet)
Suitable for swimming, snorkeling, and some surface water sports
Limitations: Not for diving; avoid prolonged submersion
4. 200 Meters / 20 ATM (660 Feet):
Suitable for professional swimming, snorkeling, and recreational diving
Limitations: Generally safe for short dives but not for professional diving
5. 300 Meters / 30 ATM (990 Feet)
Suitable for scuba diving and professional water sports
Limitations: Can handle prolonged underwater activity
6. 500 Meters / 50 ATM (1,650 Feet) and Above
Designed for deep-sea diving and extreme underwater activities
Limitations: Can withstand significant pressure; often features enhanced durability and specialized design
Can Water Penetrate a Water-Resistant or Waterproof Watch?
Even if they're labeled water-resistant or waterproof, water can indeed penetrate such a watch under certain conditions despite the protective measures in place.
1. Worn or Damaged Seals
Aging Gaskets: Normal wear and tear is the greatest enemy. Over time, the rubber or silicone gaskets and seals can degrade, lose elasticity, or develop cracks. This reduces their effectiveness in keeping water out.
Physical Damage: Any physical damage to the watch case, crown, or crystal can compromise the seals, creating openings for water to enter.
2. Incorrect Usage
Exceeding Water Resistance Rating: Exceeding the waterproof rating of a watch can lead to water penetration.
Exposure to Sudden Temperature Changes: Rapid temperature changes (e.g., jumping from cold water into warm air) can cause condensation inside the watch, leading to moisture build-up.
3. Pressure and Depth
Extreme Water Pressure: Even watches rated for higher water resistance may not withstand excessive water pressure, especially if subjected to conditions like deep-sea diving.
Impact or Shock: A sudden impact, such as dropping the watch or hitting it against a hard surface, can compromise its seals and allow water to penetrate.
4. Maintenance Neglect
Lack of Regular Service: Watches that are not regularly serviced may have worn-out gaskets or seals that need replacement. Regular maintenance is crucial for preserving water resistance.
Not Testing After Repair: If a watch has been opened for battery replacement, servicing, or repair, the seals may not have been properly reinstalled, increasing the risk of water ingress.
5. Exposure to Chemicals
Harsh Chemicals: Swimming in chlorinated pools, hot tubs, or saltwater without proper rinsing can damage the seals, making them more susceptible to water penetration.
6. Condensation and Humidity
High Humidity: Watches can accumulate moisture inside due to high humidity levels, especially if seals are not functioning correctly. This can cause fogging on the watch crystal.
What are Some Common Misconceptions About Water-Resistant and Waterproof Watches?
There are several common misconceptions about waterproof and water-resistant watches that can lead to improper use and potential damage.
1. "Water-resistant means waterproof."
Misconception: Many people believe that a water-resistant watch is completely waterproof and can be worn in all types of water activities, regardless of its rating.
Reality: water-resistant watches are not immune to water penetration under all conditions. The level of protection varies by the watch’s water resistance rating. Even the highest-rated watches are not 100% waterproof.
2. "The depth rating is for actual water activities."
Misconception: If a watch is rated for 30 meters (100 feet), some assume it's safe to take it 30 meters underwater.
Reality: Depth ratings are based on laboratory testing under static conditions. A watch rated for 30 meters is generally only safe for splashes or light water exposure, not swimming or diving. Movement, water pressure, and other real-world factors can affect how the watch performs underwater.
3. "You can use the watch in water with the crown pulled out."
Misconception: Some people think it’s safe to use the watch in water even with the crown pulled out for adjustments.
Reality: Pulling out the crown exposes a potential entry point for water. water-resistant watches need the crown to be securely pushed in (or screwed down) to maintain its water resistance.
4. "Water resistance is permanent."
Misconception: Once a watch is water-resistant, it will remain so indefinitely.
Reality: The seals and gaskets that keep water out can deteriorate over time, especially if the watch is exposed to water, heat, or chemicals frequently. Regular maintenance is necessary to keep the watch's water resistance intact.
5. "You don’t need to maintain a water-resistant watch."
Misconception: Some believe that water-resistant watches don't require regular maintenance and can be used in water indefinitely without issues.
Reality: water-resistant watches need regular servicing, especially after exposure to water or high humidity. Gaskets should be checked and replaced as needed to maintain their water-resistant capabilities.
6. "All water-resistant watches are safe for swimming and diving."
Misconception: People often assume that any water-resistant watch, regardless of rating, is safe for swimming, snorkeling, or even diving.
Reality: Only watches with higher ratings such as 100m or more are suitable for swimming. Dive watches rated at 200m or more are intended for diving. Lower-rated watches are not designed for prolonged water exposure or submersion.
7. "A water-resistant watch can handle hot water."
Misconception: Some believe it's safe to wear a water-resistant watch in a hot tub, sauna, hot pools, or hot shower.
Reality: Hot water and steam can expand or weaken the seals of a water-resistant watch, which can lead to water entry. Watches are generally tested for resistance to cold water, not hot water or steam.
8. "Once a watch survives water exposure, it’s safe forever":
Misconception: If a watch successfully resists water once, it’s often assumed it will always perform the same way.
Reality: Each time the watch is exposed to water, it can affect the watch's seals. Even a previously water-resistant watch may fail in future underwater use without proper maintenance or inspection.
Are There Water Repellent Watches?
There are water repellent watches, often marketed as highly water-resistant. These watches use hydrophobic coatings (waterproof coatings) that repel water droplets and reduce the chance of moisture buildup.
But then again, no watch is entirely water-repellent. Even the best models still require proper seals, gaskets, and maintenance to ensure water resistance over time.
How to Maintain a Water-Resistant or Waterproof Watch
Maintaining a water-resistant or waterproof watch is important for preserving its water-protective features. Fortunately, it's easy to do so.
1. Rinse after exposure to salt or chlorinated water: After swimming in saltwater or chlorinated pools, rinse the watch with fresh water to remove corrosive salts and chemicals.
2. Avoid wearing your watch in hot water: Do not wear your watch in hot showers, saunas, or hot tubs, as high temperatures can weaken the seals and damage the gaskets.
3. Check the gaskets regularly: Have the seals and gaskets inspected and replaced periodically by a professional.
4. Avoid operating the crown while underwater: Ensure the crown is pushed in or screwed down tightly before water exposure. Never adjust it while the watch is submerged.
5. Regular servicing: Take your watch for professional servicing every 1 to 2 years to check for wear and tear.
6. Watch out for condensation: If you notice condensation inside the crystal, have the watch checked immediately as it could indicate water has entered the case.
7. Replace the battery carefully: Ensure the watch is properly resealed after battery replacements to maintain water resistance.
Choosing the Right Watch: Waterproof and Water-Resistant
Check the water resistance rating: Opt for a watch with a rating of at least 200 meters (20 ATM) if you plan to use it for diving, snorkeling, or other water sports.
Look for ISO 6425 Certification: For diving, choose a watch certified under ISO 6425, which guarantees it meets specific standards for water resistance, pressure, and durability.
Screw-Down Crown: The watch should have a screw-down crown for added protection against water entering through the crown.
Durable Case Material: Pick a watch made from corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel, titanium, or ceramic. These materials should be able to withstand long-term water exposure.
Luminous Hands and Markers: Waterproof watches designed for diving should have luminous hands and hour markers for visibility in deep, dark waters.
What Waterproof and Water-Resistant Watches Do You Recommend?
Are you ready to buy your own water-friendly timepiece? Here are our recommendations for best water-resistant or waterproof watch for swimming, snorkeling, diving, and other aquatic activities.
Recommended Waterproof Watches
Rolex Submariner (300m/1,000ft): A classic dive watch with a robust design, water resistance up to 300 meters, and a screw-down crown, perfect for deep-sea diving
Omega Seamaster Professional (300m/1,000ft): Durable and stylish, this watch offers 300m water resistance and is ISO 6425 certified, making it a top choice for divers.
Seiko Prospex (200m/660ft): Affordable yet reliable, the Seiko Prospex range is ideal for recreational divers, offering water resistance up to 200 meters.
Citizen Promaster Diver (200m/660ft): This eco-friendly solar-powered watch is reliable underwater with a 200-meter rating and ISO certification.
Recommended Water-Resistant Watches
TAG Heuer Aquaracer (300m/1,000ft): Stylish yet functional, this water-resistant watch is perfect for water sports or daily wear with a 300-meter rating and screw-down crown.
Casio G-Shock (200m/660ft): The tough G-Shock watch offers 200 meters of water resistance and is great for people with active lifestyles.
Tissot Seastar 1000 (300m/1,000ft): With a 300-meter rating and sleek design, this watch combines fashion with functionality, making it ideal for both casual and aquatic environments.
Timex Expedition (100m/330ft): A budget-friendly option, this watch offers 100 meters of water resistance, suitable for swimming and outdoor activities without heavy water exposure.
Conclusion
As we surface from the depths of water resistance and waterproofing, it’s clear that not all watches are created equal when it comes to facing the elements. Understanding the real difference between waterproof and water-resistant can save you from a waterlogged disaster.
No watch is invincible against water forever. Even the best waterproof watches and the most rugged timepieces need some love and care to maintain their water-resisting superpowers. Regular checkups, proper usage, and understanding the limitations of your watch will keep it ticking through any splash, swim, or storm that comes your way.
